Montgomery County Conducts Study to Address Missing Middle Housing

• September 24th 2018

by Nena Perry-Brown

The District is filled with examples of "Missing Middle Housing" (MMH), the variety of housing between single-family detached homes and mid-rise multi-family buildings. Now, Montgomery County is investigating how it can integrate MMH into its existing fabric.

In anticipation of the county's population increasing by 87,000 households in the next 20-30 years, the Montgomery County Planning Department released a study last week in hopes of determining the feasibility and next steps of filling this gap in the county's housing stock. In order to furnish the study, the Planning Department convened focus groups of real estate industry experts, conducted analysis of the county's zoning, and did a case study of a potential MMH redevelopment in Forest Glen.

The study highlights examples of missing middle housing in the county, like six-unit buildings in Takoma Park and "twelve-plexes" and courtyard apartments in King Farm (Rockville); however, it finds that many townhomes being built in the area are larger than 2,500 square feet, too large to qualify as MMH. The focus groups for the study concluded that MMH doesn't get constructed in the county because these housing types are as risky for builders as high-density development yet have a lower return on investment. 

Planning staff also identified several challenges to adding MMH. One of those challenges is that the county's zoning lacks incremental density categories, particularly in residential zones where greater density is illegal. Consequently, trying to shoehorn MMH into existing zoning schema can be lengthy and complicated. "This process can take anywhere from six to 18 months and cost between 15 percent and 25 percent of total project costs," the study states.

Overall, the recommendations that came out of the study largely centered around zoning. Adding more townhouse zones in the county's R60-R90 single-family areas would make it easier to approve MMH. Planning staff also recommend that MMH be introduced near public transit and along busy corridors as a transition from neighborhoods into denser developments and more heavily trafficked streets, perhaps by way of an MMH overlay zone. Zoning should also be relaxed to allow duplexes and accessory dwellings in detached single-family neighborhoods.

After presenting the study to the Planning Board last week, the Planning Department expects to use the upcoming master plan processes for Forest Glen and Viers Mill as opportunities to test out means of encouraging MMH creation. The county may also explore the idea of financial incentives for MMH and/or release a request for proposals on county-owned land to solicit an MMH development as a pilot project.

This article originally published at https://dc.urbanturf.com/articles/blog/montgomery-county-considers-missing-middle-housing/14480.